Publications

In this paper we investigate condensate banking effects on the well productivity and present a new well modelling method developed for the full field modelling of the Abadi field, offshore in Eastern Indonesia. Toward the end, a series of compositional simulation was carried out using a finely-gridded radial model with velocity dependent gas condensate relative permeability to account for the complex gas condensate flow mechanism. A comparison run with conventional gas condensate relative permeability shows the conventional simulation approach can significantly underestimate the well productivity while the high velocity effect improves the relative permeability characteristics leading to much less productivity deterioration. The damage extent due to condensate banking effects was evaluated as skin increment after the pressure declines below the dew point. The skin increment was formulated and estimated as two separate components: multiphase flow and non-Darcy components. Both components increase linearly with flow rate, being higher for lower permeability rock. Based on the findings, a pseudo D-factor approach was proposed to accurately capture the velocity dependent flow characteristics in a coarsely-gridded black oil model. The method is quite simple to apply and the robustness was demonstrated through application to the synthetic and actual reservoir models for various flow scenarios.