Publications

A succession of middle Miocene rocks is exposed in a section near Samarinda, East Kalimantan. The succession is characterized by thick sandstone bodies alternating with shales and coal beds. The sandstones are interpreted as fluvial channels. The shales are interpreted as a flood plain setting. The coal layers are interpreted as a continental swamp environment. These three formations are vertically stacked to form fluvial parasequences. Each parasequence has a 40 to 50 m thickness. They are vertically stacked to form parasequence sets. The whole fluvial section is more than 600 m thick. At the bottom of the section a shallow marine parasequence is observed containing prograding shelf sand lobes capped by transgressive reef carbonates. These reef carbonates are interpreted as representing the maximum flooding event at 10.5 My. The transition from shelf parasequence to fluvial deposits is very abrupt and is interpreted as the sequence boundary at 10.2 My. The coarse-grained sediments deposited in fluvial environment are interpreted as being provided by the active tectonic uplift phases in the hinterland and consecutive erosion phases.