Publications

The Eni operated Muara Bakau (Jangkrik) Production Sharing Contract Block is situated on the East Kalimantan shelf edge and the west slope of the makassar straits, Indonesia. Water depths vary from 70m on the shelf to 1000m at the east edge of the block. The steep shelf edge leads into a generally eroded and incised canyon style slope. Seafloor stability is an issue as evidenced by seabed slumping. Debris flows originating at the shelf edge may also pose a risk. In addition, shallow gas accumulations are present. A study was undertaken to better understand the regional seabed morphology with respect to potential geohazards to field development. The methodology used provides a low cost alternative to dedicated Multi-beam Echo Sounder surveys and significant advantages over 2D High Resolution surveys for mapping the true areal extent of geo-hazards. Short offset data from a conventional 3D exploration seismic survey was reprocessed through two independent flows to yield high spatial and vertical resolution data suitable for accurate seabed mapping and near surface geohazard studies. The first customized reprocessing flow was designed to accurately image the seabed with high spatial resolution. Sun-illuminated 3D visualizations applied to the data aid analysis and interpretation of the seabed morphology. The second reprocessing flow focused on the near surface section and includes * PGS Singapore ** Eni Indonesia *** Eni E&P **** PT. Geomahakarsa Indonesia generating data attributes of amplitude, coherency, and angle-versus-offset diagnostics for identifying shallow gas. This methodology proved to be a powerful tool not only for investigating site-specific drilling hazards, but also for future field development planning. It consistently helped Eni to better select locations of subsea facilities and define the layouts of the development concept, to be further analyzed during the Concept Selection, which was presented with the submission of the Plan of Development in July 2011 and approved in November 2011.