Publications

The future of reservoir technology will be in the area of improving the definition of resources through enhanced imaging of reservoir bodies and/or fluids and incorporation of fully integrated asset studies. Advances in detection and visualization technologies are leading the next generation of models towards realistic 3D geologic realizations of reservoir systems. Coupled with integrated studies, the next generation models will offer the opportunity to provide the most robust calibration to date of static geology-based 3D models. However, the models will only be as robust as their calibration.The objectives of reservoir models are to resolve reservoir bodies and properties (phi, k, sat) to a level that accurately define rock elements and fluid distribution, to place the reservoir body into a robust 3D geologic-based framework, and to provide a static reservoir model that serves as the framework for upscaling to multiple scenario dynamic simulations.The technology asset team is charged with building a framework to define reservoir architecture, encompassing the spatial distribution of reservoir bodies, aspect ratios, barriers, conduits and connectivity. A common ingredient of reservoir models is to define reservoir systems in terms of genetically related stratigraphic elements. However, body imaging, resolution and calibration of rock attributes, in particular rock architecture and pore network, with logs and seismic are and will continue to be the principle hurdles of future reservoir models. Complex carbonate lithologies and pore networks require key subsurface core sets for robust calibration of well log and imaging attributes, the principle tools used for building models. Rock calibration with core is essential for coupling stratigraphic and pore network elements into reservoir architecture and for achieving robust model realizations.The state of carbonate reservoir modeling is rapidly approaching the stage where realistic models of 3D high-resolution definition of reservoir architecture will become a common task. Outcrop and shallow high-resolution studies provide guides for developing better and more realistic geology-based reservoir models. Often low-resolution imaging of the reservoir body or constraints imposed by up-scaling dilute the geologic complexities of the model, but this does not necessarily negatively impact the model, numerous factors dictate the degree of complexity, or geologic reality, required in the model.Critical production concerns to address in these models include fluid types, communication or isolation, fracture potential and vertical encroachment across permeability baffles and barriers, stratal geometries of reservoir conduits and aquifers. Improved imaging and detection of reservoir bodies, combined with robust calibration, will result in robust static model realizations, which will enable subsequent dynamic reservoir simulations to assess the critical uncertainties facing future reservoir development and management.