Publications

Basically chemical injection includes alkaline, surfactant, and polymer injections. They can be arranged to be injected into a reservoir as a series of order injection fluids but also possibly as stand alone fluid injections. Nowadays, this technology has become simpler with the introduction of new injection techniques, mixing the chemicals on the surface and injecting them into a reservoir all together and at the same time. These categories include AS (alkaline-surfactant mixture), SP (surfactant-polymer mixture), and ASP (alkalinesurfactant-polymer mixture) injections. Before the implementation of the ASP injection technology in the field there is a need for intensive laboratory work to be done to screen all the important parameters that must be part of the screening criteria. EOR (Enhanced Oil Recovery) technology has developed several parameters where the range of magnitude should be examined, thus permitting the results to be matched with the reservoir properties in order to increase optimum oil recovery and not creating any reservoir damage. These parameters include compatibility tests, aqueous stability tests, phase behavior study, interfacial tension determination, micro-emulsion viscosity, thermal stability tests, filtration tests, rheology determination, adsorption and retension, and finally capillary de-saturation curve (CDC) development. After determining the optimum combination of concentration of alkali, surfactant, and polymer, the laboratory parameters can be used to calibrate the simulator performance before going to field scale reservoir simulation.