Publications

Even with all the technological advancements today, imaging the fractured basement in onshore datasets remains challenging. There are several factors contributing to the complexity, such as erratic topography that introduces static errors, unconsolidated surfaces that absorb the emitted energy and prevent it from propagating through the subsurface, several high amplitude hard surfaces that create interbed multiples throughout the section, and the presence of shallow gas pockets that introduce unnatural sagging. On top of these geological heterogeneities of overburden, imaging the fractured basement in onshore data suffers from sparsity of seismic acquisition due to limitations in land accessibility; this issue is absent in offshore seismic surveys. The success of imaging the onshore fractured basement largely depends on the detailed work of seismic data preconditioning and the velocity model building conducted by an experienced team. This paper showcases a case study of seismic processing and imaging of land data with a deep target, including the fractured basement target. Firstly, analysis was done on the legacy dataset to highlight the imaging ambiguity, and secondly, a solution was proposed for a systematic and sequential workflow of seismic reprocessing. The findings and observations of the seismic processing products are shared in this paper.